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Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 3: Physiological modulators of metabolism.
Physiol. Rev. 92, 1479-1514 (2012)
The sirtuins are a family of highly conserved NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases that act as cellular sensors to detect energy availability and modulate metabolic processes. Two sirtuins that are central to the control of metabolic processes are mammalian sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), which are localized to the nucleus and mitochondria, respectively. Both are activated by high NAD(+) levels, a condition caused by low cellular energy status. By deacetylating a variety of proteins that induce catabolic processes while inhibiting anabolic processes, SIRT1 and SIRT3 coordinately increase cellular energy stores and ultimately maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Defects in the pathways controlled by SIRT1 and SIRT3 are known to result in various metabolic disorders. Consequently, activation of sirtuins by genetic or pharmacological means can elicit multiple metabolic benefits that protect mice from diet-induced obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; FATTY-ACID OXIDATION; LIFE-SPAN EXTENSION; FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SMALL-MOLECULE ACTIVATORS; PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS LESIONS; DEPENDENT HISTONE DEACETYLASE; STIMULATED INSULIN-SECRETION
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0031-9333
e-ISSN
1522-1210
Journal
Physiological Reviews
Quellenangaben
Volume: 92,
Issue: 3,
Pages: 1479-1514
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)