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San Miguel, A.* ; Schröder, P. ; Harpaintner, R. ; Gaude, T.* ; Ravanel, P.* ; Raveton, M.*

Response of phase II detoxification enzymes in Phragmites australis plants exposed to organochlorines.

Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 20, 3464-3471 (2013)

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Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.

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Mixed pollution is a characteristic of many industrial sites and constructed wetlands. Plants possessing an enzymatic detoxifying system that is able to handle xenobiotics seems to be a viable option for the removal of mixed persistent contaminants such organochlorines (OCs: monochlorobenzene (MCB), 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB), γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)). In this study, Phragmites australis plants were exposed to sublethal concentrations of OCs (7 days), in single-exposure (0.8 to 10 mgl−1) and in mixture of OCs (0.2 mgl−1 MCB+0.2 mgl−1 DCB+2.5 mgl−1 TCB+0.175 mgl−1 HCH). Studies were conducted on the detoxification phase II enzymes; glutathione Stransferases (GST), and glucosyltransferases (UGT). Measurements of GST and UGT activities revealed that OCs may be buffered by glutathione and glucose conjugation. There appeared to be a correlation between the effects on phase II enzymes and the degree of chlorination of the benzene ring with, for example, the greatest effects being obtained for HCH exposure. In the case of mixed pollution, the induction of some GST isoenzymes (CDNB, 35 % non-significant) and UGT (118 %) in leaves and the inhibition of phase II enzymes in the other organs were measured. UGTs appear to be key enzymes in the detoxification of OCs.

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