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Hypertension and depressed symptomatology: A cluster related to the activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). Findings from population based KORA F4 study.
Psychoneuroendocrinology 38, 2065-2074 (2013)
CONTEXT: Preliminary evidence points to aldosterone being not only prominently involved in the systemic regulation of the blood pressure but also to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether the combination of hypertension and depressed symptomatology is useful to screen for individuals suffering an activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in participants from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 Study conducted between 2006 and 2008 in Southern Germany. A total of 1805 participants of the F4 study were included in the study. METHODS: The association between aldosterone and renin levels and the different combinations of hypertension and depressed symptomatology was examined in four different models of multiple linear regression adjusted for age, sex, creatinine levels, potassium levels, body mass index (BMI) and behavioural risk factors. RESULTS: Individuals suffering both, depressed symptomatology and hypertension exhibited highly significantly increased aldosterone levels (p<0.001) and slightly, not significantly increased renin levels (p=0.08) compared to individuals with no depressed symptomatology and no hypertension. No significant activation of the RAAS was seen in only depressed or only hypertensive individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of highly significantly increased aldosterone levels and increased renin levels in individuals suffering both, depressed symptomatology and hypertension provides further evidence for the involvement of the RAAS in the pathogenesis of depressed symptomatology. These findings have important implications for future research concerning the pathophysiological pathways that link depression and cardiovascular disease.
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
Web of Science
Times Cited
Times Cited
Scopus
Cited By
Cited By
Altmetric
5.137
1.575
22
17
Anmerkungen
Besondere Publikation
Auf Hompepage verbergern
Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter
Depressed ; Symptomatology ; Hypertension ; Aldosterone ; Renin; Acute Myocardial-infarction ; Converting Enzyme Gene ; C-reactive Protein ; Augsburg Cohort ; Affective-disorders ; Plasma-aldosterone ; Diabetes-mellitus ; Major Depression ; Heart-failure ; Stress
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2013
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2013
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0306-4530
e-ISSN
1873-3360
Zeitschrift
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Quellenangaben
Band: 38,
Heft: 10,
Seiten: 2065-2074
Verlag
Elsevier
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP-Element(e)
G-504000-003
G-504090-001
G-504090-001
PubMed ID
23608138
WOS ID
WOS:000326213700013
Scopus ID
84883875840
Erfassungsdatum
2013-07-02