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Cheng, G.* ; Bolzenius, K.* ; Joslowski, G.* ; Günther, A.L.* ; Kroke, A.* ; Heinrich, J. ; Buyken, A.E.*

Velocities of weight, height and fat mass gain during potentially critical periods of growth are decisive for adult body composition.

Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 69, 262-268 (2015)

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OBJECTIVES:To examine whether maximal velocities of weight, height and fat mass during potentially critical periods of growth were associated with body composition in young adulthood.SUBJECTS/METHODS:Analyses were performed on 277 female and 271 male participants of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study with anthropometric measurements in young adulthood (18-25 years) as well as early life (0-2 years), mid-childhood (3-8 years) or puberty (9-15 years). Maximum growth velocities were calculated using the SuperImposition by Translation And Rotation (SITAR) routine or polynomial functions and related to adult fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI).RESULTS:In early life, faster weight gain was associated with a moderately higher FMI and FFMI in young adulthood in women only (Ptrend=0.01). In mid-childhood and puberty, weight and fat mass velocities were related to adult FMI and FFMI in both sexes (Ptrend⩽0.002): relative differences between the highest and lowest tertiles of these growth velocities ranged 33-69% for adult FMI and 6-12% for adult FFMI. A higher mid-childhood height velocity was related to a modestly higher adult FMI in women only (Ptrend=0.0005).CONCLUSIONs:Faster gain in weight and body fat during mid-childhood and puberty appear to be particularly relevant for adult fat mass.

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