PuSH - Publikationsserver des Helmholtz Zentrums München: Cutting edge: Mucosal application of a lyophilized viral vector vaccine confers systemic and protective immunity toward intracellular pathogens.

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Kastenmüller, W. ; Gasteiger, G. ; Stross, L. ; Busch, D.H. ; Drexler, I.

Cutting edge: Mucosal application of a lyophilized viral vector vaccine confers systemic and protective immunity toward intracellular pathogens.

J. Immunol. 182, 2573-2577 (2009)

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A major problem of current vaccines is storage stability, often requiring strict maintenance of cold chains. In the course of the eradication of smallpox, a freeze-dried vaccinia virus (Dryvax), which proved to be very stable, was used to overcome this limitation. However, Dryvax needs to be reconstituted before usage and is administered using a bifurcated needle, procedures that pose a number of additional health risks. We report in this study that a stable, lyophilized, modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vaccine can be directly applied to the nostrils of mice without previous reconstitution. This direct mucosal application induced systemic Ab and T cell responses comparable to those achieved by i.m. administration. Importantly, mucosal application of lyophilized MVA induced long-lasting protective immunity against lethal bacterial and viral challenges. These data clearly demonstrate the potency of a simple needle-free vaccination, combining the advantages of mucosal application with the stability and efficiency of lyophilized MVA.

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