PuSH - Publikationsserver des Helmholtz Zentrums München: Bacterial medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid metabolites trigger immunity in <em>Arabidopsis</em> plants.

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Kutschera, A.* ; Dawid, C.* ; Gisch, N.* ; Schmid, C.* ; Raasch, L.* ; Gerster, T.* ; Schäffer, M.* ; Smakowska-Luzan, E.* ; Belkhadir, Y.* ; Vlot, A.C. ; Chandler, C.E.* ; Schellenberger, R.* ; Schwudke, D.* ; Ernst, R.K.* ; Dorey, S.* ; Hückelhoven, R.* ; Hofmann, T.* ; Ranf, S.*

Bacterial medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid metabolites trigger immunity in Arabidopsis plants.

Science 364, 178-181 (2019)

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In plants, cell-surface immune receptors sense molecular non-self-signatures. Lipid A of Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide is considered such a non-self-signature. The receptor kinase LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION (LORE) mediates plant immune responses to Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas but not enterobacterial lipid A or lipopolysaccharide preparations. Here, we demonstrate that synthetic and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-copurified medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid (mc-3-OH-FA) metabolites elicit LORE-dependent immunity. The mc-3-OH-FAs are sensed in a chain length- and hydroxylation-specific manner, with free (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid [(R)-3-OH-C10:0] representing the strongest immune elicitor. By contrast, bacterial compounds comprising mc-3-OH-acyl building blocks but devoid of free mc-3-OH-FAs-including lipid A or lipopolysaccharide, rhamnolipids, lipopeptides, and acyl-homoserine-lactones-do not trigger LORE-dependent responses. Hence, plants sense low-complexity bacterial metabolites to trigger immune responses.

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