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Environmental levels and human body burdens of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in Africa: A critical review.
Sci. Total Environ. 739:139913 (2020)
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are known organic pollutants with adverse health effects on humans and the ecosystem. This paper synthesises literature about the status of the pollutants and their precursors, identifies knowledge gaps and discusses future perspectives on the study of PFASs in Africa. Limited data on PFASs prevalence in Africa is available because there is limited capacity to monitor PFASs in African laboratories. The levels of PFASs in Africa are higher in samples from urban and industrialized areas compared to rural areas. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic add (PFOA) are the dominant PFASs in human samples from Africa. Levels of PFOS and PFOA in these samples are lower than or comparable to those from industrialized countries. PFOA and PFOS levels in drinking water in Africa are, in some cases, higher than the EPA drinking water guidelines suggesting potential risk to humans. The levels of PFASs in birds' eggs from South Africa are higher, while those in other environmental media from Africa are lower or comparable to those from industrialized countries. Diet influences the pollutant levels in fish, while size and sex affect their accumulation in crocodiles. No bioaccumulation of PFASs in aquatic systems in Africa could be confirmed due to small sample sizes. Reported sources of PFASs in Africa include municipal landfills, inefficient wastewater treatment plants, consumer products containing PFASs, industrial wastewater and urban runoff. Relevant stakeholders need to take serious action to identify and deal with the salient sources of PFASs on the African continent.
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
Web of Science
Times Cited
Times Cited
Scopus
Cited By
Cited By
Altmetric
6.551
1.809
5
6
Anmerkungen
Besondere Publikation
Auf Hompepage verbergern
Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Review
Schlagwörter
Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ; Pfoa ; Pfos ; Human Body Burdens ; Africa; Persistent Organic Pollutants; Perfluorinated Alkyl Substances; Water Treatment Plants; Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Pfos; Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers; Brominated Flame Retardants; Global Emission Inventories; Carboxylic-acids Pfcas; Polyfluoroalkyl Substances; Perfluoroalkyl Substances
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2020
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2020
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0048-9697
e-ISSN
1879-1026
Zeitschrift
Science of the Total Environment, The
Quellenangaben
Band: 739,
Artikelnummer: 139913
Verlag
Elsevier
Verlagsort
Radarweg 29, 1043 Nx Amsterdam, Netherlands
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
PPM-MEX-Molecular EXposomics (MEX)
POF Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Environmental Sciences
PSP-Element(e)
G-509100-001
WOS ID
WOS:000561796300010
Scopus ID
85086369890
Erfassungsdatum
2020-06-23