Estimating the impact of nutrition and physical activity policies with quasi-experimental methods and simulation modelling: An integrative review of methods, challenges and synergies.
Eur. J. Public Health 32, 4, iv84-iv91 (2022)
BACKGROUND: The promotion of healthy lifestyles has high priority on the global public health agenda. Evidence on the real-world (cost-)effectiveness of policies addressing nutrition and physical activity is needed. To estimate short-term policy impacts, quasi-experimental methods using observational data are useful, while simulation models can estimate long-term impacts. We review the methods, challenges and potential synergies of both approaches for the evaluation of nutrition and physical activity policies. METHODS: We performed an integrative review applying purposive literature sampling techniques to synthesize original articles, systematic reviews and lessons learned from public international workshops conducted within the European Union Policy Evaluation Network. RESULTS: We highlight data requirements for policy evaluations, discuss the distinct assumptions of instrumental variable, difference-in-difference, and regression discontinuity designs and describe the necessary robustness and falsification analyses to test them. Further, we summarize the specific assumptions of comparative risk assessment and Markov state-transition simulation models, including their extension to microsimulation. We describe the advantages and limitations of these modelling approaches and discuss future directions, such as the adequate consideration of heterogeneous policy responses. Finally, we highlight how quasi-experimental and simulation modelling methods can be integrated into an evidence cycle for policy evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Assumptions of quasi-experimental and simulation modelling methods in policy evaluations should be credible, rigorously tested and transparently communicated. Both approaches can be applied synergistically within a coherent framework to compare policy implementation scenarios and improve the estimation of nutrition and physical activity policy impacts, including their distribution across population sub-groups.
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Times Cited
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Typ der Hochschulschrift
Herausgeber
Schlagwörter
Regression Discontinuity Designs; Causal-inference; Economic-evaluation; Cost-effectiveness; Health Impact; Obesity; Disease; Dietary; Randomization; Epidemiology
Keywords plus
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2022
Prepublished im Jahr
0
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2022
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1101-1262
e-ISSN
1464-360X
ISBN
Bandtitel
Konferenztitel
Konferzenzdatum
Konferenzort
Konferenzband
Quellenangaben
Band: 32,
Heft: 4 S,
Seiten: iv84-iv91,
Artikelnummer: ,
Supplement: 4
Reihe
Verlag
Oxford University Press
Verlagsort
Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
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0000-00-00
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Prüfer
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0000-00-00
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0000-00-00
Anmelder/Inhaber
weitere Inhaber
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Priorität
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
POF Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP-Element(e)
G-505300-002
G-505300-001
Förderungen
Health Research Board
Copyright
Erfassungsdatum
2022-12-08