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Di Fonzo, A.* ; Jinnah, H.A.* ; Zech, M.

Dystonia genes and their biological pathways.

Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 169, 61-103 (2023)
DOI PMC
High-throughput sequencing has been instrumental in uncovering the spectrum of pathogenic genetic alterations that contribute to the etiology of dystonia. Despite the immense heterogeneity in monogenic causes, studies performed during the past few years have highlighted that many rare deleterious variants associated with dystonic presentations affect genes that have roles in certain conserved pathways in neural physiology. These various gene mutations that appear to converge towards the disruption of interconnected cellular networks were shown to produce a wide range of different dystonic disease phenotypes, including isolated and combined dystonias as well as numerous clinically complex, often neurodevelopmental disorder-related conditions that can manifest with dystonic features in the context of multisystem disturbances. In this chapter, we summarize the manifold dystonia-gene relationships based on their association with a discrete number of unifying pathophysiological mechanisms and molecular cascade abnormalities. The themes on which we focus comprise dopamine signaling, heavy metal accumulation and calcifications in the brain, nuclear envelope function and stress response, gene transcription control, energy homeostasis, lysosomal trafficking, calcium and ion channel-mediated signaling, synaptic transmission beyond dopamine pathways, extra- and intracellular structural organization, and protein synthesis and degradation. Enhancing knowledge about the concept of shared etiological pathways in the pathogenesis of dystonia will motivate clinicians and researchers to find more efficacious treatments that allow to reverse pathologies in patient-specific core molecular networks and connected multipathway loops.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Sprache englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr 2023
HGF-Berichtsjahr 2023
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0074-7742
Quellenangaben Band: 169, Heft: , Seiten: 61-103 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
POF Topic(s) 30205 - Bioengineering and Digital Health
Forschungsfeld(er) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP-Element(e) G-503200-001
Scopus ID 85158824034
PubMed ID 37482402
Erfassungsdatum 2023-10-06