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Reinikainen, J.* ; Kuulasmaa, K.* ; Oskarsson, V.* ; Amouyel, P.* ; Biasch, K.* ; Brenner, H.* ; De Ponti, R.* ; Donfrancesco, C.* ; Drygas, W.* ; Ferrieres, J.* ; Grassi, G.* ; Grimsgaard, S.* ; Iacoviello, L.* ; Jousilahti, P.* ; Kårhus, L.L.* ; Kee, F.* ; Linneberg, A.* ; Luksiene, D.* ; Mariño, J.* ; Moitry, M.* ; Palmieri, L.* ; Peters, A. ; Piwonska, A.* ; Quarti-Trevano, F.* ; Salomaa, V.* ; Sans, S.* ; Schmidt, C.O.* ; Schöttker, B.* ; Söderberg, S.* ; Tamosiunas, A.* ; Thorand, B. ; Tunstall-Pedoe, H.* ; Vanuzzo, D.* ; Veronesi, G.* ; Woodward, M.* ; Lekadir, K.* ; Niiranen, T.*

Regional and temporal differences in the associations between cardiovascular disease and its classic risk factors: An analysis of 49 cohorts from 11 European countries.

Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 31, 569–577 (2024)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
AIMS: The regional and temporal differences in the associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its classic risk factors are unknown. The current study examined these associations in different European regions over a 30-year period. METHODS: The study sample comprised 553818 individuals from 49 cohorts in 11 European countries (baseline: 1982-2012) who were followed up for a maximum of 10 years. Risk factors (sex, smoking, diabetes, non-HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, systolic blood pressure [BP], and body mass index [BMI]) and CVD events (coronary heart disease or stroke) were harmonized across cohorts. Risk factor-outcome associations were analysed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, and differences in associations were assessed using meta-regression. RESULTS: The differences in the risk factor-CVD associations between central Europe, northern Europe, southern Europe, and the United Kingdom were generally small. Men had a slightly higher hazard ratio (HR) in southern Europe (p = 0.043 for overall difference) and those with diabetes had a slightly lower HR in central Europe (p = 0.022 for overall difference) compared with the other regions. Of the six CVD risk factors, minor HR decreases per decade were observed for non-HDL cholesterol (7% per mmol/L; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3-10%) and systolic BP (4% per 20 mmHg; 95% CI, 1-8%), while a minor HR increase per decade was observed for BMI (7% per 10 kg/m2; 95% CI, 1-13%). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that all classic CVD risk factors are still relevant in Europe, irrespective of regional area. Preventive strategies should focus on risk factors with the greatest population attributable risk.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter Cardiovascular Disease ; Coronary Heart Disease ; Europe ; Risk Factor ; Stroke; Sarcopenic-obesity; Mortality; Decline; Update; Health
Sprache englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr 2024
Prepublished im Jahr 2023
HGF-Berichtsjahr 2023
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2047-4873
e-ISSN 2047-4881
Zeitschrift European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Quellenangaben Band: 31, Heft: , Seiten: 569–577 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag Sage
Verlagsort Great Clarendon St, Oxford Ox2 6dp, England
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP-Element(e) G-504090-001
G-504000-010
G-504000-002
Förderungen European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
DOI 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad359
WOS ID 001117280000001
PubMed ID 37976098
Erfassungsdatum 2023-11-28
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