Keinert, M.* ; Schindler-Gmelch, L.* ; Rupp, L.H.* ; Sadeghi, M.* ; Richer, R.* ; Capito, K.* ; Eskofier, B.M. ; Berking, M.*
The empkinS-EKSpression reappraisal training augmented with kinesthesia in depression: One-armed feasibility study.
JMIR Form. Res. 9:e65357 (2025)
BACKGROUND: Harboring dysfunctional depressogenic cognitions contributes to the development and maintenance of depression. A central goal of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression is to invalidate such cognitions via cognitive reappraisal (CR). However, relatively low remission rates and high dropout rates in CBT demonstrate the need for further improvement. Potentially, the effects of CBT could be enhanced by addressing not only dysfunctional depressogenic cognitions but also body states associated with depression. This may be done, for example, by systematically pairing the invalidation of depressogenic cognitions with the performance of antidepressive kinesthesia. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the feasibility and clinical potential of a smartphone-based cognitive restructuring task that required users to deliberately perform antidepressive kinesthesia in conjunction with the rejection of depressogenic statements and the affirmation of antidepressive statements. This feasibility study was conducted as a precursor to a large-scale randomized controlled trial. METHODS: In total, 10 healthy participants engaged in a single 90-120-minute session of smartphone-based CR training. During the training, they completed 2 phases in which they were required to reject 20 depressogenic and affirm 20 antidepressive statements, respectively. Diagnostic assessments were conducted 1 week (T1) before and directly prior (T2) to the training, and again directly posttraining (T3) and at a 2-week follow-up posttraining (T4). Feasibility outcomes assessed at T3 included intervention safety recorded by study therapists, compliance, technical feasibility, usability assessed using the Short Version of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S), and acceptability assessed using the UEQ-S and self-developed items. Preliminary clinical potential was evaluated via single-item ratings of current depressed and positive mood assessed continuously during the training. Feasibility outcomes were analyzed descriptively, and clinical potential was examined using paired-sample t tests of pre and post ratings of mood at each training phase. RESULTS: Overall, the results indicated that the training was safe, feasible, and usable (UEQ-S pragmatic quality scale: mean 1.45, SD 0.71). However, acceptance was limited (UEQ-S hedonic quality scale: mean 1.05, SD 0.79). While 80% (8/10) of the participants were generally satisfied with the training, 80% (8/10) would recommend it to a friend, 90% (9/10) found it interesting, and 80% (8/10) rated it as "leading edge," 40% (4/10) to 70% (7/10) did not consider it particularly helpful and 50% (5/10) found it repetitive. Preliminary results regarding clinical potential were promising, with significant increases in positive mood (rejection: Hedges g=0.63; affirmation: Hedges g=0.25), whereas changes in depressed mood were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a smartphone-based CR training augmented with validating and invalidating kinesthesia. This provided valuable insights for further optimizing the intervention for the subsequent randomized controlled trial, but also potential similar interventions. If future studies confirm their clinical potential, such interventions offer a promising approach to enhancing CBT for depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION: OSF Registries pw6ma; https://osf.io/pw6ma/.
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Typ der Hochschulschrift
Herausgeber
Schlagwörter
Cognitive Reappraisal ; Depression ; Facial Expression ; Kinesthesia ; Mobile Phone ; Smartphone-based Intervention; Cognitive-behavioral Therapy; Facial Electromyography; Adult Depression; Metaanalysis; Pilot; Stimuli; Intervention; Improvement; Mortality; Design
Keywords plus
Sprache
englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2025
Prepublished im Jahr
0
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2561-326X
e-ISSN
2561-326X
ISBN
Bandtitel
Konferenztitel
Konferzenzdatum
Konferenzort
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Band: 9,
Heft: ,
Seiten: ,
Artikelnummer: e65357
Supplement: ,
Reihe
Verlag
JMIR Publications
Verlagsort
130 Queens Quay East, Unit 1100, Toronto, On M5a 0p6, Canada
Tag d. mündl. Prüfung
0000-00-00
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Prüfer
Topic
Hochschule
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Veröffentlichungsdatum
0000-00-00
Anmeldedatum
0000-00-00
Anmelder/Inhaber
weitere Inhaber
Anmeldeland
Priorität
Begutachtungsstatus
Institut(e)
Institute of AI for Health (AIH)
POF Topic(s)
30205 - Bioengineering and Digital Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Enabling and Novel Technologies
PSP-Element(e)
G-540008-001
Förderungen
Copyright
Erfassungsdatum
2025-05-10