Laurie, J.D.* ; Ali, S.* ; Linning, R.* ; Mannhaupt, G. ; Wong, P. ; Güldener, U. ; Münsterkötter, M. ; Moore, R.* ; Kahmann, R.* ; Bakkeren, G.* ; Schirawski, J.*
     
 
    
        
Genome comparison of barley and maize smut fungi reveals targeted loss of RNA silencing components and species-specific presence of transposable elements.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Plant Cell 24, 1733-1745 (2012)
    
    
    
		
		
			
				Ustilago hordei is a biotrophic parasite of barley (Hordeum vulgare). After seedling infection, the fungus persists in the plant until head emergence when fungal spores develop and are released from sori formed at kernel positions. The 26.1-Mb U. hordei genome contains 7113 protein encoding genes with high synteny to the smaller genomes of the related, maize-infecting smut fungi Ustilago maydis and Sporisorium reilianum but has a larger repeat content that affected genome evolution at important loci, including mating-type and effector loci. The U. hordei genome encodes components involved in RNA interference and heterochromatin formation, normally involved in genome defense, that are lacking in the U. maydis genome due to clean excision events. These excision events were possibly a result of former presence of repetitive DNA and of an efficient homologous recombination system in U. maydis. We found evidence of repeat-induced point mutations in the genome of U. hordei, indicating that smut fungi use different strategies to counteract the deleterious effects of repetitive DNA. The complement of U. hordei effector genes is comparable to the other two smuts but reveals differences in family expansion and clustering. The availability of the genome sequence will facilitate the identification of genes responsible for virulence and evolution of smut fungi on their respective hosts.
			
			
				
			
		 
		
			
				
					
					Impact Factor
					Scopus SNIP
					Web of Science
Times Cited
					Scopus
Cited By
					
					Altmetric
					
				 
				
			 
		 
		
     
    
        Publikationstyp
        Artikel: Journalartikel
    
 
    
        Dokumenttyp
        Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    
 
    
        Typ der Hochschulschrift
        
    
 
    
        Herausgeber
        
    
    
        Schlagwörter
        Induced Point Mutation; Pathogen Ustilago-Hordei; Mating-Type Loci; Cryptococcus-Neoformans; Obligate Biotrophy; DNA Methylation; Covered Smut; Cell-Cycle; Maydis; Gene
    
 
    
        Keywords plus
        
    
 
    
    
        Sprache
        englisch
    
 
    
        Veröffentlichungsjahr
        2012
    
 
    
        Prepublished im Jahr 
        
    
 
    
        HGF-Berichtsjahr
        2012
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1040-4651
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1532-298X
    
 
    
        ISBN
        
    
 
    
        Bandtitel
        
    
 
    
        Konferenztitel
        
    
 
	
        Konferzenzdatum
        
    
     
	
        Konferenzort
        
    
 
	
        Konferenzband
        
    
 
     
		
    
        Quellenangaben
        
	    Band: 24,  
	    Heft: 5,  
	    Seiten: 1733-1745 
	    Artikelnummer: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
  
        
            Reihe
            
        
 
        
            Verlag
            American Society of Plant Biologists (ASPB)
        
 
        
            Verlagsort
            
        
 
	
        
            Tag d. mündl. Prüfung
            0000-00-00
        
 
        
            Betreuer
            
        
 
        
            Gutachter
            
        
 
        
            Prüfer
            
        
 
        
            Topic
            
        
 
	
        
            Hochschule
            
        
 
        
            Hochschulort
            
        
 
        
            Fakultät
            
        
 
    
        
            Veröffentlichungsdatum
            0000-00-00
        
 
         
        
            Anmeldedatum
            0000-00-00
        
 
        
            Anmelder/Inhaber
            
        
 
        
            weitere Inhaber
            
        
 
        
            Anmeldeland
            
        
 
        
            Priorität
            
        
 
    
        Begutachtungsstatus
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF Topic(s)
        30505 - New Technologies for Biomedical Discoveries
    
 
    
        Forschungsfeld(er)
        Enabling and Novel Technologies
    
 
    
        PSP-Element(e)
        G-503700-001
    
 
    
        Förderungen
        
    
 
    
        Copyright
        
    
 	
    
    
    
    
    
        Erfassungsdatum
        2012-08-02