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Dilution of candidates: The case of iron-related genes in restless legs syndrome.
Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 21, 410-414 (2013)
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common multifactorial disease. Some genetic risk factors have been identified. RLS susceptibility also has been related to iron. We therefore asked whether known iron-related genes are candidates for association with RLS and, vice versa, whether known RLS-associated loci influence iron parameters in serum. RLS/control samples (n=954/1814 in the discovery step, 735/736 in replication 1, and 736/735 in replication 2) were tested for association with SNPs located within 4 Mb intervals surrounding each gene from a list of 111 iron-related genes using a discovery threshold of P=5 × 10(-4). Two population cohorts (KORA F3 and F4 with together n=3447) were tested for association of six known RLS loci with iron, ferritin, transferrin, transferrin-saturation, and soluble transferrin receptor. Results were negative. None of the candidate SNPs at the iron-related gene loci was confirmed significantly. An intronic SNP, rs2576036, of KATNAL2 at 18q21.1 was significant in the first (P=0.00085) but not in the second replication step (joint nominal P-value=0.044). Especially, rs1800652 (C282Y) in the HFE gene did not associate with RLS. Moreover, SNPs at the known RLS loci did not significantly affect serum iron parameters in the KORA cohorts. In conclusion, the correlation between RLS and iron parameters in serum may be weaker than assumed. Moreover, in a general power analysis, we show that genetic effects are diluted if they are transmitted via an intermediate trait to an end-phenotype. Sample size formulas are provided for small effect sizes.European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication, 29 August 2012; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.193.
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Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter
Restless Legs Syndrome ; Iron Parameters ; Meis1 Haplotype ; Power Calculation ; Linear Regression ; Logistic Regression; Genome-wide Association ; Periodic Limb Movements ; Logistic-regression ; Sample-size ; Common Variants ; Ferritin Levels ; Risk-factors ; Syndrome Rls ; Population ; Prevalence
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1018-4813
e-ISSN
1476-5438
Zeitschrift
European Journal of Human Genetics
Quellenangaben
Band: 21,
Heft: 4,
Seiten: 410-414
Verlag
Nature Publishing Group
Nichtpatentliteratur
Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed