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Stieve, F.-E. ; Hagemann, G.K. ; Stender -St. H., H.

Relationship between medical requirements and technical parameters of good imaging performance and acceptable dose.

Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 49, 3-18 (1993)

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Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.

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An important aspect of the workshop on optimisation of image quality and patient exposure in diagnostic radiology in Oxford 1989 was the need to elaborate on objective criteria for the image radiograph and its parameters in accordance with defined physical quantities and units. Procedures to assess the radiographic image in a way appropriate for the clinical problem are based on understanding the information generated by X rays and the properties of the visual system that perceives this information. The physical parameters for the evaluation of clinical radiographs are mainly: mean optical density, useful density range, detail size and detail contrast, object contours and transitions, noise, mottle and texture, amount of scattered radiation, image distortion, artefacts, and dose. The fundamental relationships between these parameters will be discussed together with their variation and accepted tolerances. The methods for measuring these parameters, i.e. densitometry, microdensitometry, histogram methods and luminance are briefly described. The final image, produced as a function of imaging conditions, also including viewing, is converted to the quantitative information derived from test objects, although these objects bear no resemblance to radiographs of the human body. In evaluating diagnostic X ray systems, the use of anthropomorphic phantoms may therefore solve the problem and bridge the gap between physical parameters and the diagnostic need to perform optimal and harmonic radiographs.

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