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    Linking Alzheimer's disease to insulin resistance: The FoxO response to oxidative stress.
        
        Mol. Psychiatry 15, 1046-1052 (2010)
    
    
    
				Oxidative stress is an important determinant not only in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but also in insulin resistance (InsRes) and diabetic complications. Forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factors are involved in both insulin action and the cellular response to oxidative stress, thereby providing a potential integrative link between AD and InsRes. For example, the expression of intra- and extracellular antioxidant enzymes, such as manganese-superoxide dismutase and selenoprotein P, is regulated by FoxO proteins, as is the expression of important hepatic enzymes of gluconeogenesis. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AD and InsRes and discuss the function of FoxO proteins in these processes. Both InsRes and oxidative stress may promote the transcriptional activity of FoxO proteins, resulting in hyperglycaemia and a further increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The consecutive activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases and inhibition of Wingless (Wnt) signalling may result in the formation of β-amyloid plaques and τ protein phosphorylation. Wnt inhibition may also result in a sustained activation of FoxO proteins with induction of apoptosis and neuronal loss, thereby completing a vicious circle from oxidative stress, InsRes and hyperglycaemia back to the formation of ROS and consecutive neurodegeneration. In view of their central function in this model, FoxO proteins may provide a potential molecular target for the treatment of both InsRes and AD.
			
			
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        Publikationstyp
        Artikel: Journalartikel
    
 
    
        Dokumenttyp
        Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    
 
     
    
     
     
    
    
        Sprache
        englisch
    
 
    
        Veröffentlichungsjahr
        2010
    
 
     
    
        HGF-Berichtsjahr
        0
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1359-4184
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1476-5578
    
 
     
     
     
	     
	 
	 
    
        Zeitschrift
        Molecular Psychiatry
    
 
		
    
        Quellenangaben
        
	    Band: 15,  
	    Heft: 11,  
	    Seiten: 1046-1052 
	    
	    
	
    
 
  
         
        
            Verlag
            Nature Publishing Group
        
 
         
	
         
         
         
         
         
	
         
         
         
    
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
    
        Begutachtungsstatus
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institut(e)
        Institute of Pancreatic Islet Research (IPI)
    
 
     
     
     
     
     	
    
        PubMed ID
        20966918
    
    
    
        Erfassungsdatum
        2010-12-31