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Carella, P.* ; Merl-Pham, J. ; Wilson, D.C.* ; Dey, S. ; Hauck, S.M. ; Vlot, A.C. ; Cameron, R.K.*

Comparative proteomics analysis of Arabidopsis phloem exudates collected during the induction of systemic acquired resistance.

Plant Physiol. 171, 1495-1510 (2016)

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Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a plant defense response that provides long-lasting, broad-spectrum pathogen resistance to uninfected systemic leaves following an initial localized infection. In Arabidopsis thaliana, local infection with virulent or avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) generates long-distance SAR signals that travel from locally infected to distant leaves through the phloem to establish SAR. In this study, a proteomics approach was used to identify proteins that accumulate in phloem exudates in response to the induction of SAR. To accomplish this, phloem exudates collected from mock-inoculated or SAR-induced leaves of wild-type Col-0 plants were subjected to label-free quantitative LC-MS/MS proteomics (liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry). Comparing mock- and SAR-induced phloem exudate proteomes, 16 proteins were enriched in phloem exudates collected from SAR-induced plants, while 46 proteins were suppressed. SAR-related proteins TRXh3, ACBP6, and PR1 were enriched in phloem exudates of SAR-induced plants, demonstrating the strength of this approach and suggesting a role for these proteins in the phloem during SAR. To identify novel components of SAR, T-DNA mutants of differentially abundant phloem proteins were assayed for SAR competence. This analysis identified a number of new proteins (m-type thioredoxins, major latex protein-like protein, UVR8 photoreceptor) that contribute to the SAR response. The Arabidopsis SAR phloem proteome is a valuable resource for understanding SAR long-distance signaling and the dynamic nature of the phloem during plant-pathogen interactions.

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