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Open Access Green möglich sobald Postprint bei der ZB eingereicht worden ist.
Effects of ionizing radiation on the mammalian brain.
Mutat. Res.- Rev. Mutat. Res. 770, 219-230 (2016)
Epidemiological studies on the atomic-bomb survivors, cancer survivors and occupational cohorts provide strong evidence for multifaceted damage to brain after ionizing radiation. Radiation-induced late effects may manifest as brain tumors or cognitive impairment. Decreased neurogenesis and differentiation, alteration in neural structure and synaptic plasticity as well as increased oxidative stress and inflammation are suggested to contribute to adverse effects in the brain. In addition to neural stems cells, several brain-specific mature cell types including endothelial and glial cells are negatively affected by ionizing radiation. Radiation-induced enhancement of endothelial cell apoptosis results in disruption of the vascular system and the blood brain barrier. Activated microglia create inflammatory environment that negatively affects neuronal structures and results in decreased synaptic plasticity. Although the molecular mechanisms involved in radiation-induced brain injury remain elusive, first strategies for prevention and amelioration are being developed. Drug-based prevention and treatment focus mainly on the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. Cell replacement therapy holds great promise as first animal studies using transplantation of neural stem cells to irradiated brain have been successful in restoring memory and cognition deficits. This review summarizes the epidemiological and biological data on radiation-induced brain damage and describes prevention and therapy methods to avoid and ameliorate these adverse effects, respectively.
Impact Factor
Scopus SNIP
Web of Science
Times Cited
Times Cited
Scopus
Cited By
Cited By
Altmetric
5.261
1.765
47
44
Anmerkungen
Besondere Publikation
Auf Hompepage verbergern
Publikationstyp
Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp
Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter
Ionizing radiation; Brain; Neurogenesis; Oxidative stress; Inflammation; Cognitive impairment; Atomic-bomb Survivors; Induced Cognitive Impairment; Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis; Central-nervous-system; Population-based Cohort; Neural Precursor Cells; Long-term Potentiation; Ppar-alpha Agonist; Rat Dentate Gyrus; Cranial Irradiation
Sprache
Veröffentlichungsjahr
2016
HGF-Berichtsjahr
2016
ISSN (print) / ISBN
1383-5742
e-ISSN
1388-2139
Zeitschrift
Mutation Research / Reviews in Mutation Research
Quellenangaben
Band: 770,
Seiten: 219-230
Verlag
Elsevier
Verlagsort
Amsterdam
Begutachtungsstatus
Peer reviewed
Institut(e)
Institute of Radiation Biology (ISB)
POF Topic(s)
30202 - Environmental Health
Forschungsfeld(er)
Radiation Sciences
PSP-Element(e)
G-500200-001
WOS ID
WOS:000390075300002
Erfassungsdatum
2016-12-15