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Ni, W. ; Breitner-Busch, S. ; Nikolaou, N. ; Wolf, K. ; Zhang, S. ; Peters, A. ; Herder, C.* ; Schneider, A.E.

Effects of short- and medium-term exposures to lower air temperature on 71 novel biomarkers of subclinical inflammation: Results from the KORA F4 Study.

Environ. Sci. Technol. 57, 12210-12221 (2023)

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Increasing evidence has revealed that exposure to low temperatures is linked to a higher risk of chronic diseases and death; however, the mechanisms underlying the observed associations are still poorly understood. We performed a cross-sectional analysis with 1115 participants from the population-based KORA F4 study, which was conducted in Augsburg, Germany, from 2006 to 2008. Seventy-one inflammation-related protein biomarkers were analyzed in serum using proximity extension assay technology. We employed generalized additive models to explore short- and medium-term effects of air temperature on biomarkers of subclinical inflammation at cumulative lags of 0-1 days, 2-6 days, 0-13 days, 0-27 days, and 0-55 days. We found that short- and medium-term exposures to lower air temperature were associated with higher levels in 64 biomarkers of subclinical inflammation, such as Protein S100-A12 (EN-RAGE), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-C motif chemokine 28 (CCL28), and Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). More pronounced associations between lower air temperature and higher biomarker of subclinical inflammation were observed among older participants, people with cardiovascular disease or prediabetes/diabetes, and people exposed to higher levels of air pollution (PM_2.5, NO₂, and O₃). Our findings provide intriguing insight into how low air temperature may cause adverse health effects by activating inflammatory pathways.

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