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Ramaboli, M.C.* ; Ocvirk, S.* ; Khan Mirzaei, M. ; Eberhart, B.L.* ; Valdivia-Garcia, M.* ; Metwaly, A.* ; Neuhaus, K.* ; Barker, G.* ; Ru, J. ; Nesengani, L.T.* ; Mahdi-Joest, D.* ; Wilson, A.S.* ; Joni, S.K.* ; Layman, D.C.* ; Zheng, J.* ; Mandal, R.* ; Chen, Q.* ; Perez, M.R.* ; Fortuin, S.* ; Gaunt, B.* ; Wishart, D.* ; Methé, B.* ; Haller, D.* ; Li, J.V.* ; Deng, L. ; Swart, R.* ; O'Keefe, S.J.D.*

Diet changes due to urbanization in South Africa are linked to microbiome and metabolome signatures of Westernization and colorectal cancer.

Nat. Commun. 15:3379 (2024)
DOI PMC
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Transition from traditional high-fiber to Western diets in urbanizing communities of Sub-Saharan Africa is associated with increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD), exemplified by colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. To investigate how urbanization gives rise to microbial patterns that may be amenable by dietary intervention, we analyzed diet intake, fecal 16 S bacteriome, virome, and metabolome in a cross-sectional study in healthy rural and urban Xhosa people (South Africa). Urban Xhosa individuals had higher intakes of energy (urban: 3,578 ± 455; rural: 2,185 ± 179 kcal/d), fat and animal protein. This was associated with lower fecal bacteriome diversity and a shift from genera favoring degradation of complex carbohydrates (e.g., Prevotella) to taxa previously shown to be associated with bile acid metabolism and CRC. Urban Xhosa individuals had higher fecal levels of deoxycholic acid, shown to be associated with higher CRC risk, but similar short-chain fatty acid concentrations compared with rural individuals. Fecal virome composition was associated with distinct gut bacterial communities across urbanization, characterized by different dominant host bacteria (urban: Bacteriodota; rural: unassigned taxa) and variable correlation with fecal metabolites and dietary nutrients. Food and skin microbiota samples showed compositional differences along the urbanization gradient. Rural-urban dietary transition in South Africa is linked to major changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome. Further studies are needed to prove cause and identify whether restoration of specific components of the traditional diet will arrest the accelerating rise in NCDs in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Noncommunicable Diseases; Tumorigenesis; Fiber; Protects; Burden; Risk
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2041-1723
e-ISSN 2041-1723
Zeitschrift Nature Communications
Quellenangaben Band: 15, Heft: 1, Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 3379 Supplement: ,
Verlag Nature Publishing Group
Verlagsort London
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Virology (VIRO)
Förderungen German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
NIH
Stellenbosch University Rectors Strategic Research Fund
South African Research Foundation
Universiteit Stellenbosch (Stellenbosch University)