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Goll, N.* ; Moszka, N.* ; Kantartzis, K. ; Preissl, H. ; Gruber, T. ; Fritsche, L. ; Jumpertz von Schwartzenberg, R. ; García-Cáceres, C. ; Fritsche, A. ; Hallschmid, M.

Oxytocin does not acutely improve glucose tolerance in men with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes Obes. Metab. 26, 4562-4570 (2024)

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AIM: To assess oxytocin's acute glucoregulatory impact in men with type 2 diabetes in the context of our previous findings that oxytocin improves β-cell responsivity in healthy men. METHODS: In a double-blind, crossover comparison, intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) and placebo, respectively, were administered to 25 fasted men with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (age ± standard error of the mean, 63.40 ± 1.36 years; body mass index, 27.77 ± 0.66 kg/m²; HbA1c, 6.86% ± 0.08%; Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR, 3.44 ± 0.39) 60 minutes before an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT). Key outcomes were compared with previous results in men with normal weight or obesity. RESULTS: Oxytocin compared with placebo increased plasma oxytocin concentrations and reduced the heart rate, but did not alter glucose metabolism in the 3 hours after oGTT onset (area under the curve, glucose, 2240 ± 80.5 vs. 2190 ± 69.5 mmol/L × min; insulin, 45 663 ± 4538 vs. 44 343 ± 4269 pmol/L × min; C-peptide, 235 ± 5.1 vs. 231 ± 15.9 nmol/L × min). CONCLUSIONS: This outcome contrasts with the oxytocin-induced attenuation of early postprandial glucose excursions in normal-weight individuals, but is in line with the absence of respective effects in men with obesity. We conclude that insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes is associated with decreased sensitivity to the acute glucoregulatory effect of oxytocin in male individuals.

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