Rach, S.* ; Sand, M.* ; Reineke, A.* ; Becher, H.* ; Greiser, K.H.* ; Wolf, K. ; Wirkner, K.* ; Schmidt, C.O.* ; Schipf, S.* ; Jöckel, K.H.* ; Krist, L.* ; Ahrens, W.* ; Brenner, H.* ; Castell, S.* ; Gastell, S.* ; Harth, V.* ; Holleczek, B.* ; Ittermann, T.* ; Janisch-Fabian, S.* ; Karch, A.* ; Keil, T.* ; Klett-Tammen, C.J.* ; Kluttig, A.* ; Kuß, O.* ; Leitzmann, M.* ; Lieb, W.* ; Meinke-Franze, C.* ; Michels, K.B.* ; Mikolajczyk, R.* ; Moreno Velásquez, I.* ; Obi, N.* ; Övermöhle, C.* ; Peters, A. ; Pischon, T.* ; Rospleszcz, S. ; Schmidt, B.* ; Schulze, M.B.* ; Stang, A.* ; Teismann, H.* ; Töpfer, C.* ; Wolff, R.* ; Günther, K.*
     
 
    
        
The baseline examinations of the German National Cohort (NAKO): Recruitment protocol, response, and weighting.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Eur. J. Epidemiol., DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01219-8 (2025)
    
    
    
		
		
			
				The German National Cohort (NAKO) is the largest population-based epidemiologic cohort study in Germany and investigates the causes of the most common chronic diseases. Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 1.3 million residents aged 20-69 years from 16 German regions were randomly selected from the general population and invited to participate following a highly standardized recruitment protocol. The overall response was 15.6% and differed considerably across study centers (7.6-30.7%). Females were more likely to participate than males (17.5% vs. 14.1%) and participation increased with age (10.2% in age group " < 29 years" up to 20.7% in age group " > 60 years"). Across all study regions, response was highest in rural areas (22.3%), followed by towns and suburbs (17.2%), and was lowest in cities (14.5%). Compared with the general population in the respective study regions, participants with low and medium education are underrepresented in the NAKO sample, while highly educated participants are overrepresented. Participants with non-German nationality and with a migration background are also underrepresented. Participants living in single households are underrepresented, while participants from larger households (2 or more persons) are overrepresented compared to the general population. Survey weights are made available to researchers along with the study data that account for the sampling design and adjust for differences in the distribution of age, sex, nationality (German vs. non-German), migration status, education, and household size.
			
			
				
			
		 
		
			
				
					
					Impact Factor
					Scopus SNIP
					Web of Science
Times Cited
					Scopus
Cited By
					
					Altmetric
					
				 
				
			 
		 
		
     
    
        Publikationstyp
        Artikel: Journalartikel
    
 
    
        Dokumenttyp
        Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    
 
    
        Typ der Hochschulschrift
        
    
 
    
        Herausgeber
        
    
    
        Schlagwörter
        Cohort Studies ; Correction Weights ; Epidemiology ; Nonresponse ; Participation ; Population-based ; Response ; Sample Design ; Survey Weights; Participation; Nonresponse; Biobank; Rates; Decision; Bias
    
 
    
        Keywords plus
        
    
 
    
    
        Sprache
        englisch
    
 
    
        Veröffentlichungsjahr
        2025
    
 
    
        Prepublished im Jahr 
        0
    
 
    
        HGF-Berichtsjahr
        2025
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        0393-2990
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1573-7284
    
 
    
        ISBN
        
    
 
    
        Bandtitel
        
    
 
    
        Konferenztitel
        
    
 
	
        Konferzenzdatum
        
    
     
	
        Konferenzort
        
    
 
	
        Konferenzband
        
    
 
     
		
    
        Quellenangaben
        
	    Band:  
	    Heft:  
	    Seiten:  
	    Artikelnummer:  
	    Supplement:  
	
    
 
  
        
            Reihe
            
        
 
        
            Verlag
            Springer
        
 
        
            Verlagsort
            Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311 Gz Dordrecht, Netherlands
        
 
	
        
            Tag d. mündl. Prüfung
            0000-00-00
        
 
        
            Betreuer
            
        
 
        
            Gutachter
            
        
 
        
            Prüfer
            
        
 
        
            Topic
            
        
 
	
        
            Hochschule
            
        
 
        
            Hochschulort
            
        
 
        
            Fakultät
            
        
 
    
        
            Veröffentlichungsdatum
            0000-00-00
        
 
         
        
            Anmeldedatum
            0000-00-00
        
 
        
            Anmelder/Inhaber
            
        
 
        
            weitere Inhaber
            
        
 
        
            Anmeldeland
            
        
 
        
            Priorität
            
        
 
    
        Begutachtungsstatus
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institut(e)
        Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
    
 
    
        POF Topic(s)
        30202 - Environmental Health
    
 
    
        Forschungsfeld(er)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP-Element(e)
        G-504000-001
G-504000-010
    
 
    
        Förderungen
        Bundesministerium fr Bildung und Forschung
    
 
    
        Copyright
        
    
 	
    
    
    
    
    
        Erfassungsdatum
        2025-05-10