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Rach, S.* ; Sand, M.* ; Reineke, A.* ; Becher, H.* ; Greiser, K.H.* ; Wolf, K. ; Wirkner, K.* ; Schmidt, C.O.* ; Schipf, S.* ; Jöckel, K.H.* ; Krist, L.* ; Ahrens, W.* ; Brenner, H.* ; Castell, S.* ; Gastell, S.* ; Harth, V.* ; Holleczek, B.* ; Ittermann, T.* ; Janisch-Fabian, S.* ; Karch, A.* ; Keil, T.* ; Klett-Tammen, C.J.* ; Kluttig, A.* ; Kuß, O.* ; Leitzmann, M.* ; Lieb, W.* ; Meinke-Franze, C.* ; Michels, K.B.* ; Mikolajczyk, R.* ; Moreno Velásquez, I.* ; Obi, N.* ; Övermöhle, C.* ; Peters, A. ; Pischon, T.* ; Rospleszcz, S. ; Schmidt, B.* ; Schulze, M.B.* ; Stang, A.* ; Teismann, H.* ; Töpfer, C.* ; Wolff, R.* ; Günther, K.*

The baseline examinations of the German National Cohort (NAKO): Recruitment protocol, response, and weighting.

Eur. J. Epidemiol., DOI: 10.1007/s10654-025-01219-8 (2025)
Verlagsversion DOI PMC
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
The German National Cohort (NAKO) is the largest population-based epidemiologic cohort study in Germany and investigates the causes of the most common chronic diseases. Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 1.3 million residents aged 20-69 years from 16 German regions were randomly selected from the general population and invited to participate following a highly standardized recruitment protocol. The overall response was 15.6% and differed considerably across study centers (7.6-30.7%). Females were more likely to participate than males (17.5% vs. 14.1%) and participation increased with age (10.2% in age group " < 29 years" up to 20.7% in age group " > 60 years"). Across all study regions, response was highest in rural areas (22.3%), followed by towns and suburbs (17.2%), and was lowest in cities (14.5%). Compared with the general population in the respective study regions, participants with low and medium education are underrepresented in the NAKO sample, while highly educated participants are overrepresented. Participants with non-German nationality and with a migration background are also underrepresented. Participants living in single households are underrepresented, while participants from larger households (2 or more persons) are overrepresented compared to the general population. Survey weights are made available to researchers along with the study data that account for the sampling design and adjust for differences in the distribution of age, sex, nationality (German vs. non-German), migration status, education, and household size.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Cohort Studies ; Correction Weights ; Epidemiology ; Nonresponse ; Participation ; Population-based ; Response ; Sample Design ; Survey Weights; Participation; Nonresponse; Biobank; Rates; Decision; Bias
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0393-2990
e-ISSN 1573-7284
Zeitschrift European Journal of Epidemiology
Verlag Springer
Verlagsort Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311 Gz Dordrecht, Netherlands
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
Förderungen Bundesministerium fr Bildung und Forschung