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Wallner, A.* ; Rühm, W. ; Rugel, G.* ; Nakamura, N.* ; Arazi, A.* ; Faestermann, T.* ; Knie, K.* ; Maier, H.J.* ; Korschinek, G.*

⁴¹Ca in tooth enamel. Part I: A biological signature of neutron exposure in atomic bomb survivors.

Radiat. Res. 174, 137-145 (2010)
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The detection of (41)Ca atoms in tooth enamel using accelerator mass spectrometry is suggested as a method capable of reconstructing thermal neutron exposures from atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In general, (41)Ca atoms are produced via thermal neutron capture by stable (40)Ca. Thus any (41)Ca atoms present in the tooth enamel of the survivors would be due to neutron exposure from both natural sources and radiation from the bomb. Tooth samples from five survivors in a control group with negligible neutron exposure were used to investigate the natural (41)Ca content in tooth enamel, and 16 tooth samples from 13 survivors were used to estimate bomb-related neutron exposure. The results showed that the mean (41)Ca/Ca isotope ratio was (0.17 +/- 0.05) x 10(-14) in the control samples and increased to 2 x 10(-14) for survivors who were proximally exposed to the bomb. The (41)Ca/Ca ratios showed an inverse correlation with distance from the hypocenter at the time of the bombing, similar to values that have been derived from theoretical free-in-air thermal-neutron transport calculations. Given that gamma-ray doses were determined earlier for the same tooth samples by means of electron spin resonance (ESR, or electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR), these results can serve to validate neutron exposures that were calculated individually for the survivors but that had to incorporate a number of assumptions (e.g. shielding conditions for the survivors).
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Accelerator Mass-spectrometry; Munich tandem accelerator; Dosimetry system; Granite samples; Large distances; Solid Cancer; Half-life; Hiroshima; NI-63; CL-36
Language english
Publication Year 2010
HGF-reported in Year 2010
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0033-7587
e-ISSN 1938-5404
Journal Radiation Research
Quellenangaben Volume: 174, Issue: 2, Pages: 137-145 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Radiation Research Society
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Radiation Protection (ISS)
POF-Topic(s) 30504 - Mechanisms of Genetic and Environmental Influences on Health and Disease
Research field(s) Radiation Sciences
PSP Element(s) G-501100-001
PubMed ID 20681780
DOI 10.1667/RR2043.1
Scopus ID 77955161519
Erfassungsdatum 2010-09-08
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