Gibson, J.* ; Tapper, W.* ; Cox, D.* ; Zhang, W.* ; Pfeufer, A.* ; Gieger, C. ; Wichmann, H.-E. ; Kääb, S.* ; Collins, A.R.* ; Meitinger, T.* ; Morton, N.*
     
    
        
A multimetric approach to analysis of genome-wide association by single markers and composite likelihood.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 2592-2597 (2008)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    Two case/control studies with different phenotypes, marker densities, and microarrays were examined for the most significant single markers in defined regions. They show a pronounced bias toward exaggerated significance that increases with the number of observed markers and would increase further with imputed markers. This bias is eliminated by Bonferroni adjustment, thereby allowing combination by principal component analysis with a Malecot model composite likelihood evaluated by a permutation procedure to allow for multiple dependent markers. This intermediate value identifies the only demonstrated causal locus as most significant even in the preliminary analysis and clearly recognizes the strongest candidate in the other sample. Because the three metrics (most significant single marker, composite likelihood, and their principal component) are correlated, choice of the n smallest P values by each test gives <3n regions for follow-up in the next stage. In this way, methods with different response to marker selection and density are given approximately equal weight and economically compared, without expressing an untested prejudice or sacrificing the most significant results for any of them. Large numbers of cases, controls, and markers are by themselves insufficient to control type 1 and 2 errors, and so efficient use of multiple metrics with Bonferroni adjustment promises to be valuable in identifying causal variants and optimal design simultaneously.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Bonferroni correction; principal component analysis; electrocardiographic QT interval; empirical P values; P-VALUES; FUTURE; MAPS
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2008
    
 
    
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        HGF-reported in Year
        2008
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        0027-8424
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1091-6490
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 105,  
	    Issue: 7,  
	    Pages: 2592-2597 
	    Article Number: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            National Academy of Sciences
        
 
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
     
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30501 - Systemic Analysis of Genetic and Environmental Factors that Impact Health
30503 - Chronic Diseases of the Lung and Allergies
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-500700-001
G-503900-001
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2008-04-04