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Synofzik, M.* ; Smets, K.* ; Mallaret, M.* ; di Bella, D.* ; Gallenmüller, C.* ; Baets, J.* ; Schulze, M.* ; Magri, S.* ; Sarto, E.* ; Mustafa, M.* ; Deconinck, T.* ; Haack, T.B. ; Züchner, S.L.* ; Gonzalez, M.* ; Timmann, D.* ; Stendel, C.* ; Klopstock, T.* ; Dürr, A.* ; Tranchant, C.* ; Sturm, M.* ; Hamza, W.* ; Nanetti, L.* ; Mariotti, C.* ; Koenig, M.* ; Schöls, L.* ; Schule, R.* ; de Jonghe, P.* ; Anheim, M.* ; Taroni, F.* ; Bauer, P.*

SYNE1 ataxia is a common recessive ataxia with major non-cerebellar features: A large scale multi-centre study.

Brain 139, 1378-1393 (2016)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Mutations in the synaptic nuclear envelope protein 1 (SYNE1) gene have been reported to cause a relatively pure, slowly progressive cerebellar recessive ataxia mostly identified in Quebec, Canada. Combining next-generation sequencing techniques and deep-phenotyping (clinics, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, muscle histology), we here established the frequency, phenotypic spectrum and genetic spectrum ofSYNE1in a screening of 434 non-Canadian index patients from seven centres across Europe. Patients were screened by whole-exome sequencing or targeted panel sequencing, yielding 23 unrelated families with recessive truncatingSYNE1mutations (23/434 = 5.3%). In these families, 35 different mutations were identified, 34 of them not previously linked to human disease. While only 5/26 patients (19%) showed the classicalSYNE1phenotype of mildly progressive pure cerebellar ataxia, 21/26 (81%) exhibited additional complicating features, including motor neuron features in 15/26 (58%). In three patients, respiratory dysfunction was part of an early-onset multisystemic neuromuscular phenotype with mental retardation, leading to premature death at age 36 years in one of them. Positron emission tomography imaging confirmed hypometabolism in extra-cerebellar regions such as the brainstem. Muscle biopsy reliably showed severely reduced or absent SYNE1 staining, indicating its potential use as a non-genetic indicator for underlyingSYNE1mutations. Our findings, which present the largest systematic series of SYNE1 patients and mutations outside Canada, revise the view that SYNE1 ataxia causes mainly a relatively pure cerebellar recessive ataxia and that it is largely limited to Quebec. Instead, complex phenotypes with a wide range of extra-cerebellar neurological and non-neurological dysfunctions are frequent, including in particular motor neuron and brainstem dysfunction. The disease course in this multisystemic neurodegenerative disease can be fatal, including premature death due to respiratory dysfunction. With a relative frequency of ∼5%, SYNE1 is one of the more common recessive ataxias worldwide.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Nesprin 1 ; Ataxia ; Genetics ; Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia ; Motor Neuron Disease; Dreifuss Muscular-dystrophy; Genetic-variants; Mutations; Disease; Anchorage; Nesprin-1; Gem.app; Server; Scale
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0006-8950
e-ISSN 1460-2156
Journal Brain: A Journal of Neurology
Quellenangaben Volume: 139, Issue: 5, Pages: 1378-1393 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Oxford University Press
Publishing Place Oxford
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Human Genetics (IHG)