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Kullmann, S. ; Heni, M. ; Hallschmid, M. ; Fritsche, A. ; Preissl, H. ; Häring, H.-U.

Brain insulin resistance at the crossroads of metabolic and cognitive disorders in humans.

Physiol. Rev. 96, 1169-1209 (2016)
Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Green
Ever since the brain was identified as an insulin-sensitive organ, evidence has rapidly accumulated that insulin action in the brain produces multiple behavioral and metabolic effects, influencing eating behavior, peripheral metabolism, and cognition. Disturbances in brain insulin action can be observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), as well as in aging and dementia. Decreases in insulin sensitivity of central nervous pathways, i.e., brain insulin resistance, may therefore constitute a joint pathological feature of metabolic and cognitive dysfunctions. Modern neuroimaging methods have provided new means of probing brain insulin action, revealing the influence of insulin on both global and regional brain function. In this review, we highlight recent findings on brain insulin action in humans and its impact on metabolism and cognition. Furthermore, we elaborate on the most prominent factors associated with brain insulin resistance, i.e., obesity, T2D, genes, maternal metabolism, normal aging, inflammation, and dementia, and on their roles regarding causes and consequences of brain insulin resistance. We also describe the beneficial effects of enhanced brain insulin signaling on human eating behavior and cognition and discuss potential applications in the treatment of metabolic and cognitive disorders.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Central-nervous-system; Cerebral-blood-flow; State Functional Connectivity; Positron-emission-tomography; Magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy; Type-2 Diabetes-mellitus; Life-style Intervention; Gastric-bypass-surgery; White-matter Integrity; Reduces Food-intake
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0031-9333
e-ISSN 1522-1210
Journal Physiological Reviews
Quellenangaben Volume: 96, Issue: 4, Pages: 1169-1209 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Physiological Society
Publishing Place Bethesda
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM)