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Faber, J.* ; Wingerter, A.* ; Neu, M.A.* ; Henninger, N.* ; Eckerle, S.* ; Münzel, T.* ; Lackner, K.J.* ; Beutel, M.E.* ; Blettner, M.* ; Rathmann, W.* ; Peters, A. ; Meisinger, C. ; Linkohr, B. ; Neuhauser, H.* ; Kaatsch, P.* ; Spix, C.* ; Schneider, A.* ; Merzenich, H.* ; Panova-Noeva, M.* ; Prochaska, J.H.* ; Wild, P.S.*

Burden of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular disease in childhood cancer survivors: Data from the German CVSS-study.

Eur. Heart J. 39, 1555-1562 (2018)

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Aims: The cardiac and vascular late sequelae in long-term survivors of childhood cancer (CVSS)-study aimed to quantify the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in German childhood cancer survivors (CCS). Methods and results: In the CVSS-study (NCT02181049), 1002 CCS (age range 23-48 years) diagnosed with neoplasia prior to 15 years of age between 1980 and 1990 prospectively underwent a systematic, standardized clinical and laboratory cardiovascular screening, identical to the population-based Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) cohort. For 951 individuals, prevalences of CVRF and CVD were primarily compared to the GHS sample and to two further German population-based cohorts. Using log-binomial regression models, an increased risk for occurrence of arterial hypertension [relative risk (RR) 1.38, 95% confidence interval (95% CI 1.21-1.57)] and dyslipidaemia [RR 1.26 (95% CI 1.12-1.42)] was found. This indicates a premature occurrence compared to the general population of approximately 6 and 8 years, respectively [rate advancement period estimator, RAPhypertension 5.75 (95% CI 3.5-8.0) and RAPdyslipidaemia 8.16 (95% CI 4.4-11.9)]. Overall, no differences were observed for obesity and diabetes. Overt CVD was present in 4.5% (95% CI 3.0-6.6%) of CCS [RR 1.89 (95% CI 1.34-2.66), RAPCVD 7.9 (95% CI 4.1-11.7)], of which the most frequent entities were congestive heart failure and venous thromboembolism. Prevalences of CVRF and CVD increased with age without reaching a plateau over time. Conclusion: This large CCS screening examination revealed consistently in comparison to three population samples a considerably increased risk for premature CVD. The findings in these young adult CCS indicate a high burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the long term. Clinicaltrials. gov-Nr: NCT02181049.

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