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Computational phantoms, ICRP/ICRU, and further developments.
Ann. ICRP 1, 146645318756229 (2018)
Phantoms simulating the human body play a central role in radiation dosimetry. The first computational body phantoms were based upon mathematical expressions describing idealised body organs. With the advent of more powerful computers in the 1980s, voxel phantoms have been developed. Being based on three-dimensional images of individuals, they offer a more realistic anatomy. Hence, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) decided to construct voxel phantoms representative of the adult Reference Male and Reference Female for the update of organ dose coefficients. Further work on phantom development has focused on phantoms that combine the realism of patient-based voxel phantoms with the flexibility of mathematical phantoms, so-called 'boundary representation' (BREP) phantoms. This phantom type has been chosen for the ICRP family of paediatric reference phantoms. Due to the limited voxel resolution of the adult reference computational phantoms, smaller tissues, such as the lens of the eye, skin, and micron-thick target tissues in the respiratory and alimentary tract regions, could not be segmented properly. In this context, ICRP Committee 2 initiated a research project with the goal of producing replicas of the ICRP Publication 110 phantoms in polygon mesh format, including all source and target regions, even those with micron resolution. BREP phantoms of the fetus and the pregnant female at various stages of gestation complete the phantoms available for radiation protection computations.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Scientific Article
Keywords
Adult ; Boundary Representation ; Paediatric ; Reference Computational Phantoms ; Voxel
ISSN (print) / ISBN
0146-6453
e-ISSN
1872-969X
Journal
Annals of the ICRP
Quellenangaben
Volume: 1,
Pages: 146645318756229
Publisher
Sage
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Radiation Protection (ISS)