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Kim, T.* ; Nason, S.* ; Holleman, C.* ; Pepin, M.* ; Wilson, L.C.* ; Berryhill, T.F.* ; Wende, A.R.* ; Steele, C.* ; Young, M.E.* ; Barnes, S.* ; Drucker, D.J.* ; Finan, B.* ; DiMarchi, R.* ; Perez-Tilve, D.* ; Tschöp, M.H. ; Habegger, K.M.*

Glucagon receptor signaling regulates energy metabolism via hepatic farnesoid X receptor and fibroblast growth factor 21.

Diabetes 67, 1773-1782 (2018)
Publ. Version/Full Text Postprint Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Green
Glucagon, an essential regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, also promotes weight loss, in part through potentiation of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion. However, FGF21 is only a partial mediator of metabolic actions ensuing from glucagon receptor (GCGR) activation, prompting us to search for additional pathways. Intriguingly, chronic GCGR agonism increases plasma bile acid levels. We hypothesized that GCGR agonism regulates energy metabolism, at least in part, through farnesoid X receptor (FXR). To test this hypothesis, we studied whole-body and liver-specific FXR-knockout (Fxr∆liver) mice. Chronic GCGR agonist (IUB288) administration in diet-induced obese (DIO) Gcgr, Fgf21, and Fxr whole-body or liver-specific knockout (∆liver) mice failed to reduce body weight when compared with wild-type (WT) mice. IUB288 increased energy expenditure and respiration in DIO WT mice, but not Fxr∆liver mice. GCGR agonism increased [14C]palmitate oxidation in hepatocytes isolated from WT mice in a dose-dependent manner, an effect blunted in hepatocytes from Fxr∆liver mice. Our data clearly demonstrate that control of whole-body energy expenditure by GCGR agonism requires intact FXR signaling in the liver. This heretofore-unappreciated aspect of glucagon biology has implications for the use of GCGR agonism in the therapy of metabolic disorders.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Corresponding Author
Keywords Diet-induced Obesity; Bile-acid Synthesis; High-fat Diet; Chenodeoxycholic Acid; Mice; Expenditure; Homeostasis; Liver; Fxr; Hyperglycemia
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0012-1797
e-ISSN 1939-327X
Journal Diabetes
Quellenangaben Volume: 67, Issue: 9, Pages: 1773-1782 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher American Diabetes Association
Publishing Place Alexandria, VA.
Non-patent literature Publications
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Obesity (IDO)