Married but lonely. Impact of poor marital quality on diurnal cortisol patterns in older people: Findings from the cross-sectional KORA-Age study.
    
    
        
    
    
        
        Stress 24, 36-43 (2021)
    
    
    
      
      
	
	    Despite well-established evidence on marriage as a psychosocial support for adults, there are studies that indicate loneliness may affect even married adults. Loneliness provokes a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Thus, the study aims to examine the sex-specific association of loneliness and cortisol levels in the married older population. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 500 married participants (316 male and 184 female) aged 65-90 years (mean age = 73.8 +/- 6.4 years) of the population-based KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) - Age study. Linear regression analyses were employed to examine the association between cortisol measurements (salivary cortisol upon waking (M1), 30 min after awakening (M2), late night (LNSC), cortisol awakening response (CAR), diurnal cortisol slope (DCS)) and loneliness (assessed by UCLA Loneliness Scale) in married participants with adjustments for potential confounders. In total sample population, lonely married participants displayed a significantly flatter DCS after M2 peak than their not lonely counterparts. In sex-specific analyses, lonely married men showed flatter DCS and reduced CAR than non-lonely counterparts. The association between loneliness and DCS was robust even after adjustment for lifestyle and psychosocial factors. In married women, no significant associations between loneliness and cortisol levels were observed. These findings suggest a differential impact of loneliness on HPA axis dynamics in lonely married men. Our findings highlight the importance to address loneliness even in married people.
	
	
	    
	
       
      
	
	    
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        Publication type
        Article: Journal article
    
 
    
        Document type
        Scientific Article
    
 
    
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        Keywords
        Marriage ; Loneliness ; Cortisol ; Older Adults; Social-isolation; Sex-differences; Loneliness; Stress; Men; Responses; Women; Neuroendocrine; Predictor; Mortality
    
 
    
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        Language
        english
    
 
    
        Publication Year
        2021
    
 
    
        Prepublished in Year
        2020
    
 
    
        HGF-reported in Year
        2020
    
 
    
    
        ISSN (print) / ISBN
        1025-3890
    
 
    
        e-ISSN
        1607-8888
    
 
    
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	    Volume: 24,  
	    Issue: 1,  
	    Pages: 36-43 
	    Article Number: ,  
	    Supplement: ,  
	
    
 
    
        
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            Publisher
            Informa Healthcare
        
 
        
            Publishing Place
            London
        
 
	
        
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        Reviewing status
        Peer reviewed
    
 
    
        Institute(s)
        Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
    
 
    
        POF-Topic(s)
        30202 - Environmental Health
    
 
    
        Research field(s)
        Genetics and Epidemiology
    
 
    
        PSP Element(s)
        G-504000-003
G-504090-001
    
 
    
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        Erfassungsdatum
        2020-03-31