Climate change affects human health; however, there have been no large-scale, systematic efforts to quantify the heat-related human health impacts that have already occurred due to climate change. Here, we use empirical data from 732 locations in 43 countries to estimate the mortality burdens associated with the additional heat exposure that has resulted from recent human-induced warming, during the period 1991–2018. Across all study countries, we find that 37.0% (range 20.5–76.3%) of warm-season heat-related deaths can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change and that increased mortality is evident on every continent. Burdens varied geographically but were of the order of dozens to hundreds of deaths per year in many locations. Our findings support the urgent need for more ambitious mitigation and adaptation strategies to minimize the public health impacts of climate change.
GrantsTaiwan Ministry of Science and Technology Natural Environment Research Council UK European Union's Horizon 2020 Project Exhaustion NIEHS Environment Research and Technology Development Fund of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency, Japan Academy of Finland Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness German Federal Ministry of Education and Research Czech Science Foundation Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Japan Science and Technology Agency as part of SICORP Career Development Fellowship of the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship of the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Medical Research Council UK