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Imaging modalities for diagnosis and monitoring of cancer cachexia.
EJNMMI Res. 11:94 (2021)
Cachexia, a multifactorial wasting syndrome, is highly prevalent among advanced-stage cancer patients. Unlike weight loss in healthy humans, the progressive loss of body weight in cancer cachexia primarily implicates lean body mass, caused by an aberrant metabolism and systemic inflammation. This may lead to disease aggravation, poorer quality of life, and increased mortality. Timely detection is, therefore, crucial, as is the careful monitoring of cancer progression, in an effort to improve management, facilitate individual treatment and minimize disease complications. A detailed analysis of body composition and tissue changes using imaging modalities-that is, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, (18F) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG) PET and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-shows great premise for charting the course of cachexia. Quantitative and qualitative changes to adipose tissue, organs, and muscle compartments, particularly of the trunk and extremities, could present important biomarkers for phenotyping cachexia and determining its onset in patients. In this review, we present and compare the imaging techniques that have been used in the setting of cancer cachexia. Their individual limitations, drawbacks in the face of clinical routine care, and relevance in oncology are also discussed.
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Publication type
Article: Journal article
Document type
Review
Keywords
Adipose Tissue ; Cancer Cachexia Progression ; Computed Tomography (ct) ; Imaging Biomarkers ; Imaging-based Phenotyping ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging (mri) ; Skeletal Muscle; Brown Adipose-tissue; X-ray Absorptiometry; Body-composition; Muscle Mass; Computed-tomography; Clinical-implications; Energy-expenditure; Fat; Sarcopenia; Prevalence
ISSN (print) / ISBN
2191-219X
e-ISSN
2191-219X
Journal
EJNMMI Research
Quellenangaben
Volume: 11,
Issue: 1,
Article Number: 94
Publisher
Springer
Publishing Place
One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, Ny, United States
Non-patent literature
Publications
Reviewing status
Peer reviewed
Institute(s)
Institute of Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)
Grants
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft