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Rodriguez, F.S.* ; Röhr, S.* ; Dragano, N.* ; Schmidt, B.* ; Becher, H.* ; Schikowski, T.* ; Gastell, S.* ; Harth, V.* ; Hoven, H.* ; Linseisen, J.* ; Greiser, K.H.* ; Leitzmann, M.* ; Bohmann, P.* ; Castell, S.* ; Heise, J.K.* ; Krist, L.* ; Keil, T.* ; Karch, A.* ; Teismann, H.* ; Moreno Velásquez, I.* ; Pischon, T.* ; Peters, A. ; Führer, A.* ; Mikolajczyk, R.* ; Günther, K.* ; Brand, T.* ; Meinke-Franze, C.* ; Schipf, S.* ; Grabe, H.J.* ; Brenner, H.* ; Koch-Gallenkamp, L.* ; Berger, K.* ; Wagner, M.* ; Katzke, V.* ; Lieb, W.* ; Pabst, A.* ; Riedel-Heller, S.G.*

Low income, being without employment, and living alone: How they are associated with cognitive functioning-Results from the German national cohort (NAKO).

Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn., DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2438825 (2024)
DOI PMC
Open Access Green as soon as Postprint is submitted to ZB.
Aim was to investigate to what extent cognitive functioning differs by three socioeconomic conditions: low income, being without employment, and living alone. A total of N = 158,144 participants of the population-based German National Cohort (NAKO) provided data on socioeconomic conditions and completed cognitive tests. Multivariable confounder-adjusted regression analyses indicated that cognitive functioning was lower in those with low income (b = -0.21) compared to not having low income, living alone (b = -0.04) compared to not living alone, and being without employment (b = -0.09) compared to being employed. An interaction with age indicated that the difference in cognitive functioning was getting larger with age between the income groups and living alone status groups. Accordingly, the three conditions appear independently associated with poorer cognitive functioning. Pathways of how cognitive health in this population group can be improved need to be explored.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Socioeconomic ; Cognitive Functioning ; Living Alone ; Low Income ; Poverty ; Unemployment; Socioeconomic-status; Older-adults; Life-course; Poverty; Decline; Education; Dementia; Stress; Risk
Language english
Publication Year 2024
HGF-reported in Year 2024
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1382-5585
e-ISSN 1744-4128
Journal Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition
Publisher Taylor & Francis
Publishing Place 2-4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon Ox14 4rn, Oxon, England
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s) G-504000-010
G-504000-007
Grants Institutes of the Leibniz Association
Helmholtz Association
Federal states of Germany
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
DOI 10.1080/13825585.2024.2438825
WOS ID 001379001200001
Scopus ID 85212257057
PubMed ID 39688104
Erfassungsdatum 2024-12-18
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