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Mwanake, R.M.* ; Gettel, G.M.* ; Wangari, E.G.* ; Macharia, G.W.* ; Martinez-Cuesta, R. ; Schulz, S. ; Schloter, M. ; Butterbach-Bahl, K.* ; Kiese, R.*

Elevated in-stream CO2 concentration stimulates net-N2O production from global fluvial ecosystems.

Water Res. 287:124320 (2025)
Publ. Version/Full Text Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Hybrid
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Riverine CO2 and N2O concentrations have risen since pre-industrial times, yet their biogeochemical interactions remain unclear. This study found a positive correlation between N2O and CO2 saturation in fluvial ecosystems, which was absent at high DOC:NO3 ratios. Low DOC:NO3 ratios and high CO2 saturation promote chemoautotrophic nitrification, suggesting its key role in riverine net N2O production. In vitro experiments confirmed that elevated CO2 enhances nitrification rates, nitrifier gene abundance, and N2O fluxes, indicating that the CO2 fertilization effect on N2O production is a potential climate feedback. Under this effect, current global N2O emissions may be underestimated by 12 % (interquartile range: 8 - 15) due to unaccounted nocturnal CO2 increases. As land use change projections suggest the conversion of natural lands into croplands and urban areas, this CO2-driven rise in riverine N2O emissions could increase, amplifying the global impacts of land use on riverine greenhouse gas emissions.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Anthropogenic Influence ; Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling ; Climate Feedback ; Denitrification ; Greenhouse Gases ; Nitrification ; Rivers; Nitrous-oxide Production; Organic-carbon; Headwater Streams; Inorganic Carbon; Nitrification; Denitrification; Ammonia; N2o; Rivers; Fluxes
Language english
Publication Year 2025
HGF-reported in Year 2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0043-1354
e-ISSN 1879-2448
Journal Water Research
Quellenangaben Volume: 287, Issue: Pt A, Pages: , Article Number: 124320 Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Amsterdam [u.a.] ; Jena [u.a.]
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis (COMI)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Environmental Sciences
PSP Element(s) G-504700-001
Grants Helmholtz Association through the joint Changing Earth-Sustaining our Future (PoF IV) program of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Pioneer Center for Landscape Research into Sustainable Futures (Land-CRAFT) (Land-CRAFT)
DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2025.124320
WOS ID 001544107200001
Scopus ID 105011960734
PubMed ID 40749597
Erfassungsdatum 2025-11-05
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