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Trimaglio, G.* ; Mirtschink, P.* ; El-Armouche, A.* ; Chavakis, T.

Cardiac macrophages and their functions in homeostasis and injury.

Atherosclerosis 409:120480 (2025)
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Due to their remarkable plasticity, macrophages can adapt to diverse environments and challenges therein, thereby exerting tissue-specific and context-specific functions. Macrophages are the most frequent immune cell population present in the heart and contribute substantially to cardiac homeostasis and function. Moreover, macrophages are key regulators throughout all stages of heart injury, acquiring diverse phenotypes that can either ameliorate or exacerbate cardiac pathology in a context-dependent manner. The contribution of macrophages to both tissue damage as well as to recovery/tissue repair during heart injury provides avenues for therapeutic modulation of their functions to beneficially influence heart injury progression and hence prevent heart failure. However, to effectively fine-tune macrophage function, a deep understanding of their heterogeneity is required. The present review focuses on the phenotypic diversity and different roles of macrophages in cardiac homeostasis as well as in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease, and discusses macrophages as potential therapeutic targets in the settings of heart injury.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Review
Keywords Cardiac Injury ; Heart ; Inflammation ; Macrophages ; Tissue Repair; Matrix-metalloproteinase Expression; Marrow Mononuclear-cells; Myocardial-infarction; Heart-failure; Chemoattractant Protein-1; Electrical-conduction; Fetal Monocytes; Tyrosine Kinase; Ischemic-heart; Steady-state
Language english
Publication Year 2025
HGF-reported in Year 2025
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0021-9150
e-ISSN 1879-1484
Journal Atherosclerosis
Quellenangaben Volume: 409, Issue: , Pages: , Article Number: 120480 Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place Amsterdam
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Pancreatic Islet Research (IPI)
POF-Topic(s) 90000 - German Center for Diabetes Research
Research field(s) Helmholtz Diabetes Center
PSP Element(s) G-502600-008
Grants German Center for Child and Adolescent Health
Deutsche For-schungsgemeinschaft
DZG Innovation Funds
Scopus ID 105015044746
PubMed ID 40913908
Erfassungsdatum 2025-10-28