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Palatella, M.* ; Kruse, F.* ; Ji, H. ; Loriani Fard, A.K.* ; Becker, M. ; Daniel, C. ; Rohm, M. ; Huehn, J.*

Acsbg1 maintains intestinal immune homeostasis and controls inflammation by regulating ST2+ Tregs.

Mucosal Immunol. 19, 1526-1537 (2025)
Postprint Research data DOI PMC
Open Access Hybrid
The immune balance in mucosal tissues depends on a delicate interplay between inflammatory T helper 17 (Th17) cells and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). But what happens when this balance is disturbed? In this study, we uncovered a critical role for acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 1 (Acsbg1) in shaping Th17and Treg dynamics. Using Acsbg1-deficient mice, we show that while its absence does not disrupt homeostasis under steady-state conditions, it significantly alters Treg populations, particularly in gut-associated tissues. Under high-fat diet-induced metabolic stress, Acsbg1-deficient mice display mild metabolic changes but maintain systemic immune and metabolic function, indicating that Acsbg1 is dispensable for metabolic adaptation in vivo. However, upon infection with Citrobacter rodentium, these mice exhibit excessive Th1/Th17-driven inflammation and impaired resolution, accompanied by a strong reduction in IL-10-producing and ST2+ Treg subsets. The impact is even more striking in an adoptive transfer colitis model, where Acsbg1-deficient Tregs fail to control inflammation, resulting in severe colitis and tissue damage. Our findings identify Acsbg1 as a key regulator of ST2+ Treg function and a central player in mucosal immune homeostasis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Keywords Acsbg1 ; Colitis ; Fatty Acid Metabolism ; Mucosal Immunology ; Th17 Cell ; Tregs; T-cells; Differentiation; Accumulation; Maintenance; Mechanisms; Phenotype; Bacterial; Promote; System
ISSN (print) / ISBN 1933-0219
e-ISSN 1933-0219
Journal Mucosal Immunology
Quellenangaben Volume: 19, Issue: 1, Pages: 1526-1537 Article Number: , Supplement: ,
Publisher Elsevier
Publishing Place UNITED STATES
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Diabetes and Cancer (IDC)
Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology (TDI)
Grants German Centers for Health Research (DZG) innovation fund
European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union
Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
European Union