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Chen, K. ; Wolf, K. ; Hampel, R. ; Stafoggia, M.* ; Breitner-Busch, S. ; Cyrys, J. ; Samoli, E.* ; Andersen, Z.J.* ; Bero-Bedada, G.* ; Bellander, T.* ; Hennig, F.* ; Jacquemin, B.* ; Pekkanen, J.* ; Peters, A. ; Schneider, A.E.

Does temperature-confounding control influence the modifying effect of air temperature in ozone–mortality associations?

Environ. Epi. 2:e008 (2018)
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Background: Recent epidemiological studies investigating the modifying effect of air temperature in ozone–mortality associations lack consensus as how to adjust for nonlinear and lagged temperature effect in addition to including an interaction term. Methods: We evaluated the influence of temperature confounding control on temperature-stratified ozone–mortality risks in a time series setting in eight European cities and 86 US cities, respectively. To investigate potential residual confounding, we additionally incorporated next day’s ozone in models with differing temperature control. Results: Using only a categorical variable for temperature or only controlling nonlinear effect of low temperatures yielded highly significant ozone effects at high temperatures but also significant residual confounding in both regions. Adjustment for nonlinear effect of temperature, especially high temperatures, substantially reduced ozone effects at high temperatures and residual confounding. Conclusions: Inadequate control for confounding by air temperature leads to residual confounding and an overestimation of the temperature-modifying effect in studies of ozone-related mortality.  
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Publication type Article: Journal article
Document type Scientific Article
Language english
Publication Year 2018
HGF-reported in Year 2018
ISSN (print) / ISBN 2474-7882
e-ISSN 2474-7882
Quellenangaben Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Pages: , Article Number: e008 Supplement: ,
Publisher Wolters Kluwer Health
Publishing Place Alphen aan den Rijn
Reviewing status Peer reviewed
Institute(s) Institute of Epidemiology (EPI)
POF-Topic(s) 30202 - Environmental Health
Research field(s) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP Element(s) G-504000-001
G-504000-004
Erfassungsdatum 2018-06-19