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Kobayashi, S. ; Sato, M.* ; Kasakoshi, T.* ; Tsutsui, T.* ; Sugimoto, M.* ; Osaki, M.* ; Okada, F.* ; Igarashi, K.* ; Hiratake, J.* ; Homma, T.* ; Conrad, M. ; Fujii, J.* ; Soga, T.* ; Bannai, S.* ; Sato, H.*

Cystathionine is a novel substrate of cystine/glutamate transporter: Implications for immune function.

J. Biol. Chem. 290, 8778-8788 (2015)
Verlagsversion Postprint DOI PMC
Open Access Gold
The cystine/glutamate transporter, designated as system xc-, is important for maintaining intracellular glutathione levels and extracellular redox balance. The substrate-specific component of system xc-, xCT, is strongly induced by various stimuli, including oxidative stress, whereas it is constitutively expressed only in specific brain regions and immune tissues such as thymus and spleen. While cystine and glutamate are the well-established substrates of system xc- and the knockout of xCT leads to alterations of extracellular redox balance, nothing is known about other potential substrates. We thus performed a comparative metabolite analysis of tissues from xCT-deficient and wild-type mice using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Although most of the analysed metabolites did not show significant alterations between xCT-deficient and wild-type mice, cystathionine emerged to be absent specifically in thymus and spleen of xCT-deficient mice. No expression of either cystathionine β-synthase or cystathionine γ-lyase was observed in thymus and spleen of mice. In embryonic fibroblasts derived from wild-type embryos, cystine uptake was significantly inhibited by cystathionine in a concentration-dependent manner. Wild-type cells showed an intracellular accumulation of cystathionine when incubated in cystathionine-containing buffer, which concomitantly stimulated an increased release of glutamate into the extracellular space. By contrast, none of these effects could be observed in xCT-deficient cells. Remarkably, unlike knockout cells, wild-type cells could be rescued from cystine deprivation-induced cell death by cystathionine supplementation. We thus conclude that cystathionine is a novel physiological substrate of system xc-, and that the accumulation of cystathionine in immune tissues is exclusively mediated by system xc-.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Schlagwörter Amino Acid Transport ; Cystathionine ; Cystine ; Exchanger ; Glutamate ; Glutathione ; Oxidative Stress ; Substrate Specificity ; System Xc-; Human-diploid Fibroblasts; Amino-acid-transport; System X(c)(-); Oxidative-stress; Plasma-membrane; Exchange Transporter; L-glutamate; Cell-lines; L-cystine; Expression
Sprache englisch
Veröffentlichungsjahr 2015
HGF-Berichtsjahr 2015
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0021-9258
e-ISSN 1083-351X
Zeitschrift Journal of Biological Chemistry, The
Quellenangaben Band: 290, Heft: 14, Seiten: 8778-8788 Artikelnummer: , Supplement: ,
Verlag American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Verlagsort Bethesda
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Developmental Genetics (IDG)
POF Topic(s) 30204 - Cell Programming and Repair
30504 - Mechanisms of Genetic and Environmental Influences on Health and Disease
Forschungsfeld(er) Genetics and Epidemiology
PSP-Element(e) G-500500-001
G-500500-004
PubMed ID 25713140
DOI 10.1074/jbc.M114.625053
WOS ID WOS:000352207100009
Scopus ID 84926430043
Erfassungsdatum 2015-02-27
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