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Wang, H.* ; Kaletta, J. ; Kaschuba, S. ; Klitzke, S.* ; Chorus, I.* ; Griebler, C.*

Attachment, re-mobilization, and inactivation of bacteriophage MS2 during bank filtration following simulation of a high virus load and an extreme rain event.

J. Contam. Hydrol. 246:103960 (2022)
Verlagsversion Forschungsdaten DOI PMC
Open Access Gold (Paid Option)
Creative Commons Lizenzvertrag
Viruses, including human pathogenic viruses, can persist in water. For producing drinking water from surface water via bank filtration, natural attenuation capacities and the fate of viruses during the passage of aquatic sediments are of particular interest. Moreover, the increasing frequency of extreme hydrological events necessitate re-evaluation of the sustainability and efficacy of processes removing viruses. For this purpose, we performed bank sediment filtration experiments using a mesocosm in a technical-scale experimental facility that simulates a field situation under more tightly controlled conditions. We used the bacteriophage MS2 as a surrogate for enteric viruses to study the transport of different viral loads through the bank sediment. Additionally, we simulated a heavy rain event to investigate the re-mobilization of initially attached virus particles. We quantified the abundance of infectious MS2 phages by plaque assay and the total number of MS2 particles by qPCR. Also, we differentiated pore water concentrations by depths of the sediment column and investigated attachment to the sediment matrix at the end of the individual experimental phases. Bank filtration over a vertical distance of 80 cm through sandy sediment revealed a virus removal efficiency of 0.8 log10 for total MS2 particles and 1.7 log10 for infectious MS2 particles, with an initial phage concentration of 1.84 × 108 gene copies mL−1. A low load of infectious MS2 (1.9 × 106 plaque forming units mL−1) resulted in a greater removal efficiency (3.0 log10). The proportion of infectious MS2 phages of the total MS2 particle mass steadily decreased over time, i.e., in the course of individual breakthrough curves and with sediment depth. The simulated pulse of rainwater caused a front of low ionic strength water which resulted in pronounced phage remobilization. The high proportion of infectious MS2 among the detached phages indicated that attachment to the sediment matrix may substantially conserve virus infectivity. Therefore, the re-mobilization of previously attached viruses owing to hydrological extremes should be considered in water quality assessment and monitoring schemes.
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Publikationstyp Artikel: Journalartikel
Dokumenttyp Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
Korrespondenzautor
Schlagwörter Bank Filtration ; Climate Change ; Hydrological Extremes ; Inactivation ; Ms2 ; Virus Transport; Enteric Viruses; Riverbank Filtration; Survival; Removal; Soil; Transport; Groundwater; Indicators; Waters; Enteroviruses
ISSN (print) / ISBN 0169-7722
e-ISSN 1873-6009
Zeitschrift Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Quellenangaben Band: 246, Heft: , Seiten: , Artikelnummer: 103960 Supplement: ,
Verlag Elsevier
Verlagsort Radarweg 29, 1043 Nx Amsterdam, Netherlands
Nichtpatentliteratur Publikationen
Begutachtungsstatus Peer reviewed
Institut(e) Institute of Groundwater Ecology (IGOE)
Institute of Environmental Medicine (IEM)
Förderungen German Ministry of Education
Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt
German Research Foundation (DFG)